Showing posts with label english. Show all posts
Showing posts with label english. Show all posts

Saturday, 15 November 2014

easy formula for direct and indirect


                                           Direct and indirect 
ge vkidks bl pkVZ ds tfj;s ;g le>k jgs gSaS A fd reporting verb   ds vuqlkj reporting speech   fdl izdkj cnyrk gSA



For example - 
 Ram said , “                                                                           I am going to agra.

( Reporting verb)                                                                      (  Reporting speech ) 



Rule 1.  Present/ future                                                              no change



Rule 2. Past                                                                        following changes 
                                                                             A1   simple present to simple past

                                                                           A2   present contunious to past continuous

                                                                                  A3 present perfect to past perfect
                                                               A4  present perfect contunious to past perfect continuous

                                                                          B1  simple past to past perfect

                                                                              B2   past contunious to past perfect continuous

                                                                                                        C1  simple future
       
                                                                    (will convart would and should converto should )



Rule3. Models                                                                         following changes
                                                                                              Can change to  could
                                                                                                      May to might 
                                                                      No change models (must ,ought, could ,would etc.)